University ratified Standard Oxford formatting rules

Oxford Referencing Formatting Style Guide

University of Oxford has developed the Oxford referencing style that is concerned as a note citation arrangement and which is sometimes referred as documentary-note style as well. Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) was first introduced by Peter Binks in the year 2000 after consultations with faculty and students of law at the University of Oxford. It consists of two constituents, namely, Reference List and Footnote Citation. Footnotes are used in this style of referencing at the end of the paper which is different from that of APA or Harvard.

Need for Referencing and Footnote
Citation and referencing under this styles fundamentally serves functions:

Validation of conclusions and statements claimed in the report or essay with appropriate verification.
Offering credit to the author in order to avoid plagiarism or intellectual theft.
Assist readers check, read, and locate sources referred in the paper and subsequently establishing contribution to the work.

General Guidelines

The research paper, essay or report under this style is required to be written in font style ‘Times New Roman’ and font size of 12.
Required paragraph and line spacing in this style is 1.5 on a standard paper size of 8.5”*11”.
The paper should also be justified and page numbers positioned at the right hand corner.

Footnotes and Citations
In case of providing a source in the paper in general, a superscript number is included in the text where the information is rightly given. Hence, this superscript number appears at the end of the page where the footnote of the subsequent reference is provided. Examples of footnote citation is given below:

Type	Footnote Example
Book with a Single Author	1S. Thernstrom. Poverty and progress: Social mobility in a nineteenth century city, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2009.
Book with 2 or 3 Authors	1O. R. Whittington and P.R. Delaney. Wiley CPA exam review 2008: Business environment and concepts, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2007, p.12.
Book with more than 3 Authors	1J.M. Kocis et al., Inside private equity: The professional investor’s handbook, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2007, p.14.
Journal	1L. Yaojun, M. Savage and A. Warde. "Social mobility and social capital in contemporary Britain,” The British Journal of Sociology, vol. 16, no. 5, 2008, pp. 391-411.
Online Newspaper Article	1The Economist, “Social mobility: A class apart.”, 14 October 2016, https://www.economist.com/news/britain/21709013-improving-social-mobility-will-mean-allowing-rich-children-move-down-well-helping-poor. html, (accessed November 23, 2017).
Web Document	1 Wilderness Society Australia, 'Greenhouse Gases - Choking the Planet', The Wilderness Society, Hobart, TAS, Author, 2011, p. 6, https://www.wilderness.org.au/news, (accessed 25 January 2012).
Online Journal Article	K.R. Moore, 'Was Pythagoras Ever Really in Sparta?', Rosetta, no. 6, Spring 2009, p. 5, http://www.rosetta.bham.ac.uk/, (accessed 10 September 2010).

Reference List
At the end of the assignment or the paper, references or citations are provided in details in alphabetical order by the surname of the author. Few considerations are made in order to properly formulate this list. The considerations are followed as:

Only the initials of the author is given. Full stops and spaces are used in between the initials of the author(s).
During citation of journal article, page, volume and issues numbers.
Formatting is dependent on the types of references used.
Books that are taken as references in the list do not contain any page number.

Examples of reference format for different sources is give below:

Type	Reference List
Book with a Single Author	Thernstrom, Stephan. Poverty and progress: Social mobility in a nineteenth century city, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2009.
Book with 2 or 3 Authors	Frenkel, M., Hommel, U., and Rudolf, M. Risk management: challenge and opportunity, Berlin, Springer Science & Business Media, 2008.
Book with more than 3 Authors	Kocis, J.M., Bachman IV, J.C., Long III, A.M. and Nickels, C.J. Inside Private Equity: The Professional Investor's Handbook, New York, John Wiley & Sons, 2009.
Journal	Li, Y., Savage. M., and Warde, A., "Social mobility and social capital in contemporary Britain," The British Journal of Sociology, vol. 16, no. 5, 2008, pp.391-411.
Online Newspaper Article	The Economist. “Social mobility: A class apart”, 14 October 2016, https://www.economist.com/news/britain/21709013-improving-social-mobility-will-mean-allowing-rich-children-move-down-well-helping-poor. html, (accessed November 23, 2017).
Web Document	Wilderness Society Australia, 'Greenhouse Gases - Choking the Planet', The Wilderness Society, Hobart, TAS, Author, 2011, https://www.wilderness.org.au/news, (accessed 25 January 2012).
Online Journal Article	Moore, K.R., 'Was Pythagoras Ever Really in Sparta?', Rosetta, no. 6, Spring 2009, pp. 1-14, http://www.rosetta.bham.ac.uk/, (accessed 10 September 2010).

You can check out the other standard referencing formats below:

Standard Oxford Formatting

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